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Product Overview

Introduction To Engineering Steel 31

EN31

MOKSH TUBES & FITTINGS LLP is a manufacturer, supplier, exporter, importer, and stockist of a wide range of EN31 steel products including bars, rods, sheets, plates, forgings, and custom-engineered components.

EN 31, is a high carbon, chromium-containing alloy steel known for its exceptional hardness, wear resistance, and high tensile strength. It is widely used in engineering applications where toughness, abrasion resistance, and fatigue strength are critical. This alloy is often employed for making components that undergo heavy mechanical stress such as bearings, shafts, gears, and high-wear machine parts.

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Engineering Steel EN31 Specifications

Category Details
Grade EN31 (High Carbon Chromium Steel)
Type High Carbon Alloy Steel
Typical Composition C 1.00–1.10%, Cr 1.40–1.65%
Common Supply Conditions Annealed, Cold Drawn, Hot Rolled, Hardened & Tempered
Heat Treatment Hardening, Tempering, Stress Relieving
Testing Chemical, Mechanical, Hardness, UT
Certification EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2

Chemical Composition of EN31 Steel

Element Composition (%)
Carbon (C) 1.00 – 1.10
Silicon (Si) 0.10 – 0.35
Manganese (Mn) 0.40 – 0.70
Chromium (Cr) 1.40 – 1.65
Phosphorus (P) ≤ 0.035
Sulfur (S) ≤ 0.035

EN31’s high carbon and chromium chemistry enables very high hardness after heat treatment, excellent wear resistance, high tensile strength, and superior fatigue life.

Physical Properties of EN31 Steel

Property Metric Imperial
Density 7.85 g/cm³ 0.284 lb/in³
Melting Range 1358 – 1400 °C 2475 – 2550 °F
Elastic Modulus (Tension) 200 GPa 29,000 ksi
Elastic Modulus (Torsion) 80 GPa 11,600 ksi
Poisson’s Ratio 0.29
Thermal Conductivity 44 W/m·K
Specific Heat 460 J/kg·K

Heat Treatment of EN31 Steel

Process Temperature Range Cooling Method
Annealing 760 – 780 °C Slow furnace cool
Normalizing 840 – 870 °C Air cool
Hardening 820 – 840 °C Oil quench
Tempering 150 – 250 °C Air cool
Stress Relieving 550 – 650 °C Hold 1–2 hours

👉 Typical hardness after heat treatment: 58 – 62 HRC

Mechanical Properties of EN31 Steel

Property Annealed Hot Finished Cold Drawn Hot Rolled
Tensile Strength (MPa) 620–793 655–827 690–896 620–758
Yield Strength (MPa) 379–483 414–655 448–724 345–517
Elongation (%) 10–18 10–15 8–15 15–20
Brinell Hardness (HB) 180–230 200–260 230–280 180–240
Rockwell Hardness 80–95 B 20–30 C 60 C 80–90 B

International Standards & Equivalent Grades of EN31 Steel

Standard Equivalent Grade
IS IS 1570
BS BS 970-1955
DIN 1.3505 / 100Cr6
AISI 52100 (Similar)

Products in Engineering Steel 31

Engineering Steel 31 is typically available in:

Seamless Pipes
Welded Pipes (ERW & EFW)
Tubes (Capillary, U-Bend)
Sheets & Plates
Coils & Strips
Round Bars, Flat Bars, Hex Bars, Square Bars
Pipe Fittings (Elbows, Tees, Reducers, Caps, Stub Ends)
Flanges (Weld Neck, Slip-On, Blind, Socket Weld, Threaded)
Fasteners (Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Washers, Studs)
Custom Fabricated Components

Engineering Steel 31 products are produced to the following global standards:

Uses and Advantages

Exceptional hardness and wear resistance after heat treatment
High tensile and yield strength suitable for heavy load applications
Good machinability in annealed condition
Excellent fatigue strength and toughness
Suitable for parts subjected to heavy impact and stress

Applications of Engineering Steel 31

Engineering Steel 31is extensively used in industries requiring high wear resistance, toughness, and mechanical strength:

Automotive and Engineering

Manufacture of gears, shafts, spindles, crankshafts, and bearings due to its high strength and wear resistance.

Tooling and Dies

Used for making dies, punches, cutting tools, and other tooling parts that require high hardness.

Machinery Components

Suitable for heavy-duty machine parts subjected to cyclic loading and wear such as rollers, valve parts, and camshafts.

Agricultural Equipment

Ideal for components like ploughshares, harrows, and tractor parts that face abrasive environments.

Manufacturing Industry

Shafts, pins, bolts, and various machine parts where fatigue resistance is essential.

WHY CHOOSE US?

Expertise in supply and customization of engineering steels including EN31
Quality assured through rigorous testing and certification
Global sourcing network for premium raw materials
Prompt delivery and competitive pricing
Technical support for selecting correct grades and heat treatment processes

EN31 Steel Price in India

Typical Range: ₹125 – ₹220 per kg

(Price varies by OD, wall thickness, form, and finish)

Contact us for exact quotation based on size and quantity.

FAQ's

What is EN31 steel and what are its key characteristics?

EN31 is a high carbon, chromium containing alloy steel recognized for its exceptional hardness, wear resistance, and high tensile strength. It is widely used in applications that demand toughness, abrasion resistance, and fatigue strength. Components such as bearings, shafts, gears, and high-wear machine parts are commonly manufactured from EN31 due to its ability to withstand heavy mechanical stress while maintaining durability and performance.

What are the chemical and mechanical properties of EN31 steel?

The chemical composition of EN31 includes 1.00–1.10% carbon, 1.40–1.65% chromium, 0.40–0.70% manganese, 0.10–0.35% silicon, and low levels of sulfur and phosphorus. It exhibits tensile strength ranging from 90–130 ksi (620–896 MPa), yield strength between 50–105 ksi (345–724 MPa), and elongation of 8–20% depending on the condition. EN31 also offers Brinell hardness of 180–280, excellent fatigue strength, and maintains machinability in its annealed state, making it ideal for precision engineered components.

What EN31 steel products are supplied by MOKSH TUBES & FITTINGS LLP?

MOKSH TUBES & FITTINGS LLP offers a comprehensive range of EN31 products including round bars, flat bars, hex bars, square bars, sheets, plates, coils, strips, seamless and welded pipes, tubes, flanges, fittings, fasteners, forgings, and custom engineered components. These products are manufactured to international standards and can be supplied in annealed, hot finished, cold drawn, or heat treated conditions to meet various industrial specifications.

What are the main applications of EN31 steel?

EN31 steel is extensively used in industries that require high wear resistance, mechanical strength, and fatigue durability. In automotive and engineering sectors, it is used for gears, shafts, spindles, crankshafts, and bearings. Tooling and die making industries rely on it for punches, dies, and cutting tools. Heavy machinery components, agricultural equipment such as ploughshares and tractor parts, and manufacturing industry components like pins, bolts, and rollers also commonly use EN31 steel due to its ability to endure high stress and abrasive conditions.

Why choose MOKSH TUBES & FITTINGS LLP for EN31 steel products?

MOKSH TUBES & FITTINGS LLP is a trusted manufacturer, supplier, exporter, importer, and stockist of EN31 steel products. With expertise in heat treatment, customization, and precise quality control, the company ensures consistent material performance. Customers benefit from rigorous testing, global sourcing of premium raw materials, prompt delivery, competitive pricing, and technical support for selecting the right grades and processes, making MOKSH TUBES & FITTINGS LLP a reliable partner for EN31 steel solutions.

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